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What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Showing posts with label AUDIO ANALOGUE. Show all posts
Showing posts with label AUDIO ANALOGUE. Show all posts

Audio Analogue Puccini amplifier

 Stereo Integrated Amplifier
Specifications:
Power Output (both channels driven, 8 Ω):  2 x 40 W
Input Sensitivity/Impedance (RMS):
Phono MM :  10 mV /47 k Ω
Phono MC :  1 mV / 100 Ω
Line :  1 V / 50 k Ω
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Unweighted
Phono MM :  better than 70 dB
Phono MC :  better than 60 dB
Line :  better than 80 dB
A-weighted
Phono MM :  better than 80 dB
Phono MC :  better than 70 dB
Line :  better than 90 dB
Tape Output Level/Impedance (RMS):  1 V / 600 Ω
Total Harmonic Distortion:  less than 0,196 % (at 40 W, 8 Ω, 1 kHz)
Damping Factor:  better than 100 (at 1 kHz, 8 Ω, 1 W)
Slew Rate:  better than 10/µsec
Bandwidth:  20 Hz - 20 kHz (±0,1 dB);  5 Hz - 20 kHz (+3 dB)
Channel Separation (at 1 kHz, unused input shorted):  better than 80 dB
Inputs:  Phono MM/MC, Tuner, CD, Video, Aux, Tape
Nominal Voltage Supply:  115 V AC, 230 V AC; 50/60 Hz
Max. Power Consumption:  170 VA
Dimensions (W x H x D):  445 x 85 x 365 mm (17,52" x 3,35" x 14,4")
Weight:  7 kg (15,5 lbs)


Audio Analogue Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC

The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC is an extremely interesting and innovative product. It is not just a Tuner but also includes an entire high performance USBDAC section. The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC can be seen as two different audio sources combined in a single piece of equipment, each source corresponding to a different working mode: Tuner Mode and USBDAC Mode.

The specific circuits for each mode are completely separated physically and just one section at a time is supplied, according to the selected mode (This avoids any kind of interference between the two signal paths). Instead, the analogue output stage is the same for both of the modes. Everything has been realized according to the well known Audio Analogue experience. The power supply is based on a toroidal transformer and each section has its own voltage regulator stage.

The tuner is based on a high performance circuit already used by Audio Analogue on its tuner products. The whole tuner section has been realized in a metallic separated box to shield the RF interference and a special buffer stage has been put between the tuner section and the output stage to further decrease the RF noise.

The USBDAC section is composed by a dedicated section which, working on the USB data, supplies a SPDIF digital audio signal. The digital audio signal is then converted into an analogue one by a high performance DA section composed by: a 96 KHz/24Bit, very low recovered system clock Burr Brown receiver (residual jitter less than 50ps!) and a 24 Bit/192KHz Enhanced Multilevel Delta Sigma architecture DAC (The conversion circuit is placed on a separated board to avoid any high frequency disturbance on the audio signal).

The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC is controlled by a microcontroller and both the switches on the front board and the remote switches have different functions depending on the mode the unit is working on. The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC has a very reliable low emission display to not interfere with the audio signals.

All the components, passive and active have been chosen considering their electrical characteristics and sound performance too.

The USBDAC permits you to connect the Hi-Fi system to the PC or MAC via a USB connection. In this way the PC/MAC sees the Hi-Fi system as its audio board and everything which is played on the PC/MAC is reproduced by the Hi-Fi System. This opens up a wide spread of possibilities which we think will be soon appreciated by every, also “old style”, audiophile:

• Listening to tracks in any format (MP3, WMA, FLAC, APE and so on…..) which you have in your PC via a software player. In such cases, according to the player, you can also control the PC (Next track, Previous track, Play, Stop, Pause) by the Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC front switches or remote.

• Listening to an on-streaming tuner. On the web there are a lot of tuner stations which transmit on-streaming, so a lot of stations from everywhere in the word can be listened to.

• Listening to audio movie tracks which are playing on the PC.

The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC has also a SPDIF Out which can be sent to an external DA converter.

The Crescendo Tuner/USBDAC has both the Trigger In and Trigger Out connections so it can be switched on/off by another unit of the chain and also can switch on/off another unit of the audio chain.


SPECIFICATIONS TUNER MODE

Output Level

FM: 500 - 700mV

AM: 115 - 215mV

Image Rejection

FM: 70 dB min.

AM: >40 dB min.

Auto Stop Sens

FM: 18 - 28 dBu

AM: 45 - 65 dBu

Usable Sens

FM: 12 dBu max

AM: 60 dBu max

Frequency

FM: 87,5MHz - 108MHz

AM: 567KHz - 1,6MHz

Noise Level (0Hz - 20KHz): -120 dB

Signal/Noise Ratio (20Hz - 20KHz) FM: 60 dB min

Signal/Noise Ratio(20Hz - 20KHz) AM: 40 dB min

SPECIFICATIONS USBDAC MODE

Output Level (Maximum rms voltage output value): 2,00

Noise Level (Attenuation 0dB, -3dB band, 1Vrms output): -120 dB

PARAMETERS

Power Requirements: 115 - 220 - 230 - 240 V, 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption: 12 VA

Dimensions (H x W x D): 2,9 x 8,3 x 14,4 "

Weight: 9,9 Lbs

Audio Analogue Rossini VT CD Rev 2.0


Even if the Rossini CD Player REV2.0 has the same look of the previous revision it is completely different inside.
With the REV2.0 we have created a unit where vacuum tube technologies and the best digital technologies have been perfectly mixed together. The circuits we have used are the result of a long period of research, especially for the original vacuum tube output stage that is the strong point of this CD player. The results we have had have been even higher than what we were originally aiming for. In particular the listening sessions showed that the Rossini CD Player REV2.0 has a different and original sound compared to other CD Players.
The Rossini CD Player REV2.0 represents a new starting point because it has demonstrated that the union of vacuum tube and the most modern technology has a promising future. We must go down new streets, try new circuital solutions, and revise the old configurations without falling into the mistake of too much a microelectronic approach.

Digital Input
The S/PDIF signal is taken from the Cd Mechanism. We have used a CD ROM mechanism specifically developed for the audio application (We even contributed to the design for the firmware test part and for the mechanical stability tests). In fact the maximum speed has been reduced compared to the standard CD ROM mechanisms, and the reading procedure has been made more Jitterless and sturdy. To avoid any interference from ground returns we have isolated the S/PDIF CD mechanism output from the main board by a transformer. The SPDIF signal is then send to the DA conversion PCB.
Digital Analog Conversion Section
The circuits performing the digital to analog conversion are placed on a board physically separated from the main board. Thats to avoid any interference on the analog signals due to the return currents of the digital parts of the DAC and transceiver. On the board there are: the transceiver, the DAC and all their frameworks including their power supply voltage regulators and capacitors. The voltage for the DAC board is obtained by a dedicated secondary of the transformer and a dedicated voltage regulator. The regulated voltage is then filtered by a RC filter. Then that voltage is used to produce the voltages for the transceiver and DAC by two voltage regulators. The components on the DAC board are predominantly SMD reducing the length of traces carrying high frequency signals to avoid irradiation effects. From the conversion board the voltage DAC output is sent to the main board.
Output Stage
The output stage is an original circuit designed by the Audio Analogue R&D office to emphisize the sound propertyes of the vacuum tube and to take vantage of the solid state technology. It is an inedited DC coupled low feedback three stage structure where the vacuum tube is the first one. The amount of feedback has been choosen not only on the base of measurements but on the base of listening tests too. What we have tried to do is a balance of the vacuum tube “coloring” and DAC “cleanliness”. The output stage’s gain is such that we have 1.9Vrms output for a 0dBV track.
Anodic Power supply
The output stage used is not based on a differential input so the noise on the anodic supply is not reduced by the circuit. Thats why we have worked on the anodic power supply to make it as clean as possible. The voltage for the anodic power supply is obtained by a high voltage dedicated secondary and then regulated with a discrete components voltage regulator. The regulator output is then filtered by a RC filter with a very low time constant (less then 1.24).

SPECIFICATIONS
D/A Section
TransceiverAK4114 192KHz/24bit - Asahi Kasei
DACAK4395 192KHz/24bit - Asahi Kasei
Total Harmonic Distortion  (at 1kHz 0dBFs):  less than 0,001 % (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz )
Total Harmonic Distortion  (at 1KHz, -10 dBFs):  less than 0,006 % (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz )
Noise Level-120 dBV (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz )
Output Level2,00 (Maximum RMS voltage output value )
Digital OutputCoaxial
Vacuum Tube Output Stage
Unbalanced Output
CD Mechanism:  TEAC CD-5010A
Dimensions (H x W x D):  78 x 444 x 371 mm (3,1" x 17,5" x 14,6")

Weight:  10,6 kg (23,4 lbs)

Audio Analogue VERDI CENTO


Audio Analogue goes on in Vacuum Tube/Solid State technology fusion research introducing the Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier to complete the audio chain begun with RossiniCD Player REV2.0.

We believe vacuum tube technology is, even now, very valid in treating the audio signal in a preamplifier stage while leaving to solid state technology the task of the Power stage. So this has been our design philosophy: a vaccum tube preamplifier stage to take advantage of the audio properties of that technology and a solid state power stage as much “transparent” as possible. Other important innovations concern the settable Mono/Pre Out and added use functionalities.
1. Power Supply
The Power supply is the basis of every audio device. The Verdi Cento Integrated amplifier has a very generous toroidal transformer with a dedicated secondary stage for each section of the unit. After each secondary stage there are regulation circuits for every section, let’s see it in some detail: Input Selection/Volume control/PrePhono/RECOUT Powers Supply
A dedicated secondary stage and 4 voltage regulator provide the supply for the input selection section, volume control section, Rec Out output stage and Pre phono section. The pre Phono power supply is obtained by further filtering of the regulator output voltage via a low time constant RC square.
Vacuum Tube Preamp Power supply
A lot of care has been taken over the Vacuum tube Preamp power supply, because a Vacuum Tube differential pair (that is the structure we have used in the preamp section) will never be well matched enough to completely reject the power supply variations. So we have designed a discrete component voltage regulator to obtain a very stable voltage from the dedicated high voltage secondary. The voltage regulator output is further filtered by two very low time constant RC squares, one for each channel. In such a way we have completely eliminated the 100Hz noise component and using separated RC square for the channels also decreases the crosstalk and increases the “sound stage” definition.
Vacuum Tube Heater
We decided to use a dedicated secondary for the Vacuum tube heater, in this way it is possible to use a linear voltage regulator for the purpose avoidingpotentially noisy switching type regulators. The heather voltage has been selected to have the best audio performance from the vacuum tube used.

Power Amps Power Supply
We have dedicated a secondary stage for each power stage channel to decrease the crosstalk and increase the “sound stage” definition. The power amps power supplies take advantage of the high power toroidal transformer and discrete high current rectifier bridge have been used to allow high current peaks. There are four 10000uF capacitors after the bridge for each channel (so 40000uF for each channel!) and a lot of capacity has been distributed close to the Power amps to provide the charge for fast audio responses. The big capacitors and the discrete bridge we have used allow the power stages to perform very highly in bass reproduction. The particular solutions adopted in the power supplies allow the realisation of the high signal to noise ratio expected from the power stage circuit used.

2. Vacuum Tube Preamplifier Stage
The vacuum tube preamp section is the first active stage the audio signal meets in the unit and it is placed after the input selection circuit and the volume control. The Preamp not only has to amplify the signaland adapt the impedances but must also provide two out of phase signals to drive the bridge configured power stage. The unit is based on a “classic” and well-known scheme that we have developed to decrease the output impedance and match the application. Moreover, the fact that it produces zero feedback is its main outstanding characteristic. This means we haven’t modified the vacuum tube distortion characteristics in any way and we have let the vacuum tube play “as it is” (remember the “philosophy”…). Nevertheless, the overall distortion is kept low with a higher power stage gain that lets the preamp section work with a low level signal at all times.
3. Power Stage
Our purpose was to have a solid state power stage as “transparent” as possible, able to provide/supply 100W in an 8Ohm load. So we have chosen the National Semiconductors LM3886 Power pack as a building block and we have designed a “parallel/bridged” power amplifier. We have decided to use such a component (we are not the first in this, see Jeff Rowland’s Concentra Integrated Amplifier as an example) for itsoverall electrical characteristics (high power capability, high signal/noise ratio…), its reliability and very good overall audio performance. The “parallel/bridged” structure we have used requires 4 LM3886 for each channel and allows sharing of the current demanded by the load among the 4 components. It also allows the use of a lower power supply voltage. In such a way we can obtain more than 100W on an8Ohm load and more than 170W on a 4Ohm load. The signal to noise ratio obtained is very good: for a load of 8Ohm with a 100W output power we have 99dB with no filter and 106dB Aweighted (with a noise gate of 0-500KHz for both the measurements)!
4. Protections
Every sensitive part inside the unit has been protected to increase the reliability expecially in respect to the temperature increasing due to the high power capability of the product. As an example the LM3886 used in the power stage is a very reliable component (that’s one of the reasons why we have choosen it!) protected against shortcircuits and overcurrent and it has two different temperature protection systems: one against instantaneous overtemperature and one against average overtemperature. We have introduced a termal protection into the toroidal transformer too to disconnect the primary if the temperature rises too much. And we have even introduced a thermost close to the power stage heathsink to detect the internal overall temperature and disconnect the loudspeakers if the temperature becomes too high, protecting in such way all the components in the unit.
5. Mono/Pre Out
Verdi cento has a Mono/Pre Output. This means the output can be set to be a Mono Out or a Preamplifier output. If you set it as Mono Out you can use it to drive a passive subwoofer. If you set it as preamp out you can use the Verdi Cento preamp Stage to drive a Power Amplifier to realize a “bi amplified” system or just to use the Verdi cento as Preamplifier. The Mono/Pre Out is easily set changing the position of Jumpers on the board with the only simple but essential recommendation of to not do it with the unit on.

6. Pre phono stage
Verdi cento has a pre Phono section able to treat both MC and MM signals. You can easily set the Pre Phono Mode changing the position of Jumpers on the board. We have chosen this kind of Mode selection because it permits you to perform the Pre Phono settings without increasing the track’s length and it avoids the low level signal from the cartridge passing through selectors.
7. Functionality
Verdi Cento has a new set of functions that makes it very flexible. Besides the traditional integrated functions it can be set in bypass mode to work as a Power Amplifier. Moreover, you can change the “volume scale” of the integrated amplifier to match it with your loudspeaker’s efficiency and have the best volume resolution. Four different scales are available including a 1dB step scale and a scale adjusted for high efficiency loudspeakers! Furthermore, the Verdi Cento has the balance function as well. All the components used are high quality and low tolerance. The Board that is often a neglected “component” has been designed respecting all possible noise reduction techniques especially for the current return parts and power supply traces.

8. Technical Data
Line Gain: 4,6 dB
Power Amp Gain: 32,5 dB
Phono Gain: 60 dB (MM), 80 dB (MC)
Line Input impedance: 40 KOhm
Phono Input impedance: 56 KOhm (MM), 100 Ohm (MC)
Power on 8 Ohm load:
1 W at 0.03% THD + N
10 W at 0.05% THD + N
100 W at 0.15% THD + N
110 W at 0.16% THD + N
Power on 4 Ohm load:
10 W at 0.04% THD + N
170 W at 0.3% THD + N
Frequency responce: 150 KHz (Attenuation 0 dB, -3 dB band)
Responce to a Square Signal (8 Ohm load no minal power):
Vout: 80 Vpp
Rise time: 2.8 uS
Signal Noise Ratio (Attenuation: 0 dB A weighted reffered to 8 Ohm load nominal power):
106.20 dB (A weighted)
99.30 dB (No filter)
Noise level: -100 dB (Band limits 0 Hz-40 kHz)
Inputs: 1 Phono Input + 5 Unbalanced Input
Outputs: 1 tape Out + 1 Pre/Mono Outp
Dimensions: 103 x 448 x 405 mm (4,0 x 17,6 x 15,9 “)
Weight: 12,5 Kg (27,5 Lbs)

Audio Analogue - CD Paganini


The Paganini offers the latest and best technology to the audiophile seeking a top quality CD-player at an affordable price. Benefiting from the most recent developments in digital sound processing, the new Paganini CD player features true 96kHz/24bit D/A convertion via an Analog Devices AD1855 DAC.
This means that even the normal CD signal is effectively converted at high resolution. Responsible for this great improvement in D/A convertion is the high performance sample rate converter CS8420 by Crystal Semiconductors, up to now only used in professional studio equipment.
The sample rate converter turns the digital signal from the compact disc into a high resoution signal (also digital) which is then sent to the D/A converter with extremely low jitter, thanks to the high precision crystal oscillator used as reference.
The D/D convertion process implies the creation of true 24 bis samples: for this reason, the DAC receiving the high resolution signal always works at its best, providing the output analog stage with the best possible signal. The analog stage is designed, following the best Audio Analogue tradition, using only the finest quality components: polypropylene and Elna for Audio capacitors, high precision (1%), low noise resistors and high linearity opamps. The Paganini CD player is provided with a high performance digital output capable of driving any type of CD recorder or external D/A converter.
The CD transport and control board also represent the result of an exhaustive optimisation process. The extremely rigid support structure combines excellent mechanical performance with perfect shielding from the RF signal processed by the control board beneath the transport.
Finally, the sophisticated power supply uses a toroidal transformer, one secondary of which is totally dedicated to the analog circuits that are fully separate from the digital supplies. No less than nine regulators guarantee a perfect supply to every part of the Paganini CD player’s complex circuits. Naturally, such a wealth of advanced electronics features are matched by top class mechanical engineering.
The chassis is made of 3mm-thick sheet steel allowing perfect isolation from both mechanical and electromagnetic interference. The 1cm-thick black or silver satin aluminum fascia gives the Paganini CD player an elegant, yet robust and purposeful appearance. The VFD display ensures good readability in all types of lighting. And the IR remote control handset supplied with the Paganini CD player offers total control of all the machine`s functions.

Dimensions:
17.52" (W) x 13" (D) x 3.5" (H)
Weight:
22 Lbs
Analogue Output Level:
2 Vrms (Unbalanced)
Analogue Output Impedance:
< 10 Ohm (Unbalanced)
Digital Output Level:
5 Vpp @ 75Ohm (S/PDIF standard)
Frequency Response:
20 - 20.000 Hz (any source)
Jitter Rejection:
0.00005%
Total Harmonic Distorsion (THD):
<0.001% @ 1kHz
Noise Floor:
-140 dB
Channel Separation:
RL 100 dB / LR 100 dB
Nominal voltage supply:
115VAC / 230VAC 50/60Hz
Max. power consumption:
60 VA


Audio Analogue CRESCENDO



To think of the Crescendo Cd Player as a common high-end player or still worse as a low -level high-end one would be totally misguided to say the least!!!! The Crescendo CD Player, in reality, is the result of in depth research and careful attention to detail. In fact, the product has been implemented with technology only previously used in benchmark players... until now. This challenge has been undertaken with the ulterior requirement of maximizing value for money. This has pushed the Audio Analogue designers to develop new circuit solutions and has brought about results which have gone over and above our already ambitious initial targets!


A toroidal transformer is used with secondary dedicated stages: one to the Analog/DAC section power supply and other two dedicated to the digital power supply. The analog power supply has been realized using all Audio Analogue‘s strategies to reduce any interference and kill the noise in every part of the unit. Regulation stages have been placed in every sensitive circuit point and the bypass capacitors have been chosen not only for their electric performance but also after long and careful listening sessions.

A complete 24bit/192KHz DAC chain has been implemented. All our experience and technology has been widely used. We have especially focused on the bypassing of the power supply, the decoupling of the DAC outputs and we have worked on a perfect separation between analog and digital circuits, with particular attention paid to the ground return path separation.

In this product Audio Analogue has placed a lot of focus on the output stage and a new approach to the design has been developed. We have realized a fourth order active output filter that, together with the inner one pole filter inside the used DAC, forms a fifth order output one. Such a high order (usually found only in really very expensive products!) has permitted us to increase the cut off frequency of the output filter with excellent results on the audio performance of the unit, especially for the increased precision of the listening stage. The problem of the approach (and that’s why it is usually implemented in high price products) is the added distortion and noise due to the high number of stages the sound has to pass through. Audio Analogue has used all its experience and technology to design every part of the stage and choose every passive component to reduce, after long endeavours, the overall distortion and noise with absolutely astonishing results!

The Crescendo CD Player has both the Trigger in, through which the unit can be turned on by another unit in the chain and a Trigger out, which can be used to turn on an external unit.


The Crescendo CD Player, like all the Audio Analogue CD Players, is mounted with the Teac CD-5010A, a mechanism specifically designed for high end audio applications.
This CD Mechanism is very sturdy and has a very low Jitter output.
The best starting point for a very high performance player!

Specifications:
THD at 1 kHz 0 dBFs (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz):  less than 0,003%
THD at 1 kHz  -10 dBFs (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz):  less than 0,005%
Dynamic Range (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz):  97 dB
Noise Level (Band limits 0Hz-22KHz):  -120 dBV
Output Level (Max rms voltage output value):  2
Digital Output:  Coaxial
Unbalanced Output, Trigger IN and Trigger Out
CD Mechanism:  TEAC CD-5010A
Dimensions (H x W x D):  3,2 x 17,5 x 13,7 inch

Weight:  15,0 lbs

AUDIO ANALOGUE "PRIMO VT TUNER "

PRIMO VT TUNER REV2.0
To celebrate the first centenary since the invention of the tube, Audio Analogue presents Primo VT Tuner, equipment that combines modern and vacuum tube tube technology. Modern technologies are used for tuning while tube technology is used in the output stage. It is in this way we make the absolute most of the qualities of vacuum tube technology and highlight the characteristics of vacuum tube sound.
The passive components used are all high-quality with low-tolerance chosen not only for their specifications but, most important at of all, after long careful listening tests. The unit is supplied by a toroidal transformer and is divided into 3 different stabilization sections.
Its special features and its circuital solutions with no compromises make Primo VT Tuner a high-quality, high-precision unit.

Specifications:
FM requency:  87,5 MHz - 108 MHz
FM Output Level:  500 - 700 mV
FM Usable Sens:  12 dBu max
AM Frequency:  567 KHz - 1,6 MHz
AM Output Level:  115 - 215 mV
AM Usable Sens:  60 dBu max
Noise Level (0Hz - 20KHz):  -120 dB
Signal/Noise Ratio (20Hz - 20KHz) FM:  60 dB min
Signal/Noise Ratio (20Hz - 20KHz) AM:  40 dB min
Dimensions:  2,9 x 8,3 x 14,4 inch

Weight:  9,9 lbs

AUDIO ANALOGUE "CLASS A"


State of The Art. CLASS " A" Integrated  Amplifier
Features:
Two toroidal, 400VA transformer, one per channel.
Dual mono design. Pure class A operation up to 50W at 8 Ohm.
Only double-sided metallized polypropylene film capacitor in the signal path.

The preamplifier power supply is stabilized using discrete components linear regulators. The first amplification is before the attenuator to optimize the coupling with the source. The input stage of the preamplifier is realized with two low noise bipolar transistor (MPSA18). The internal stages are DC coupled and the offset is reduced by means of an integrating amplifiers.
The input attenuator is realized with two cascaded integrated resistance network without integrated output buffer. High current capability.
The protection and control sections are galvanically insulated from the analog sections to minimize the digital noise. No mains fuse.
The mains current is measured at the input of the transformer (with a current probe) and in case of malfunctions it's shutted off. The voltage of both channel is measured by means of optocoupler to avoid any ground loop.
The DC offset on the output (loudspeakers) is also monitored by means of optocouplers. The protections are realized with a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), more fast and reliable if compared to a microcontroller.
Specifications:
Line Gain:  12 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion + N (1W, 8 Ω, 1 KHz):  0,02 %
Slew Rate (Nota11):  30 V/μs
Frequency Response (Nota2):  1 Hz - 160 KHz
Noise Level (Nota10): -130 dB
SNR (Nota9):  > 100 dB
Output power:
50 W classA / 8 Ω  p.c.
100 W / 4 Ω p.c.
200 W / 2 Ω p.c.
Inputs:  5 Unbalanced Inputs + 1 Balanced Input
Outputs:  Tape Out
Dimensions (W x H x D):  445 x 320 x 480 mm  (17,5 x 12,6 x 18,9 inch)

Weight:  61,5 kg (135,6 lbs)