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What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Showing posts with label JBL. Show all posts
Showing posts with label JBL. Show all posts

JBL 4430 monitor loudspeakers

Developed to meet the challenge of digital and advanced analog recording technology, the JBL Model 4430 {and Model 4435} represent a significant new approach to two-way studio monitor design. The incorporation of the unique JBL Bi-Radial horn in a monitor loudspeaker provides constant vertical and horizontal polar coverage, control of the reverberant field, flat power response, image stability, and coherent sound. The two models also feature improvements in compression driver, low frequency transducer, and dividing network technology. Both systems exhibit the traditional )BL attributes of wide bandwidth, smooth frequency response, high efficiency, wide dynamic range, and exceptional reliability.

The practical benefits of the Bi-Radial monitors include stable stereo imaging that remains fixed over a wide range of horizontal positions, the result of unusually smooth off-axis response. The design allows considerable latitude in physical placement. The wide vertical response, identical to the horizontal, includes both standing and seated listeners within the coverage angle, even in proximity to the monitors.

 


THE JBL BI-RADIAL HORN

The Models 4430 offer performance levels normally achieved by three- and four-way systems. The key to this performance is the JBL Bi-Radial ™ horn 1 and its integration in a monitor design.

Most horn designs compensate for the failing power response of the compression driver with directivity that increases with frequency. This provides flat axial response, but power response that typically falls by 6 dB per octave from as low as 3 kHz. The resulting decrease in coverage angle (as the frequency increases) gives generally poor control of the reverberant field and (in two-way designs) is not well matched to the coverage angle of the low frequency driver at the crossover frequency. By contrast, the JBL Bi-Radial horn provides constant coverage over its operating bandwidth. Both on-axis and off-axis pressure response are flat, and the vertical coverage angle is identical to the horizontal. This angle is wide, 100° x 100°, but very tightly controlled, and it matches the coverage angle of the low frequency driver at the crossover frequency. Additionally, the horn's rapid flare rate reduces second harmonic distortion, and its reduced depth puts its driver in the same acoustic plane as the low frequency driver. The Bi-Radial monitors present a coherent sound source, with extremely stable stereo imaging over a wide variety of listening positions. The monitors offer a high degree of placement flexibility, and the listening position can be quite close with no loss of stereo imaging.

Equalization of the 4430  will typically be needed only to correct for inherent room anomalies rather than for monitor response. This is the result of uniform frequency response within the coverage angle. The controlled power and polar response of the JBL Bi-Radial monitors effectively removes them from the variables with which a recording engineer must contend.

 

HIGH FREQUENCY COMPRESSION DRIVER

The Bi-Radial horn is coupled to a compression driver which is crossed over at I 000 Hz. The driver features a titanium diaphragm with a three-dimensional diamond-pattern suspension . Developed by JBL, this diamond surround offers an extended frequency response normally associated with exotic materials while retaining ruggedness and high power capacity. The diaphragm is pneumatically drawn to shape to eliminate stresses that cause fatigue, and a phasing plug of concentric exponential horns eliminates phase cancellation.

 

LOW FREQUENCY

The low frequency loudspeakers used in the Bi-Radial l monitors incorporate the latest technology to deliver smooth response, extended bandwidth, and extremely low distortion. The magnetic structures feature JBL's Symmetrical Field Geometry (SFGI design to reduce second harmonic distortion to inconsequential levels. New adhesives technology and coil former construction improve power handling. The coil itself, 100 mm (4 in) in diameter, is fabricated from edge-wound copper ribbon, and operates in a magnetic field having a flux density of 1.2 T (12,000 gauss). The 19 mm(% in) length of the voice coil allows increased linear excursion, and a careful choice of suspension elements helps to completely eliminate dynamic instabilities.

The 4430 differ chiefly in their low frequency capabilities. The 4430 uses a single 380 mm ( 15 in) low frequency driver and is 3 dB down at 32 Hz; it can handle full power input to 27 Hz.  The system is down 3 dB at 27 Hz and will handle full power down to 22 Hz. The systems use similar low frequency drivers, but the cone assemblies.

 


FREQUENCY DIVIDING NETWORK

The frequency dividing network of the Bi-Radial monitors has a crossover frequency of I kHz and a nominal slope of 12 dB per octave. The cut-off slope and shape were chosen to provide the smoothest possible response over the widest bandwidth, restricting any off-axis anomalies to a very narrow portion. JBL has paid considerable attention to both the off-axis response and the total power response, and the network optimizes these parameters. While

the response is smooth at all angles, the flattest response is, by design, on-axis and above. This offers a greater number of listening positions when the system is mounted at or below ear level; for mounting above ear level, the system can be inverted to offer the same advantages. The network also provides equalization of the compression driver. Because the power response of the driver and the Bi-Radial horn is greater in the midrange than at high frequencies, this equalization attenuates the lower end of the compression driver's response, lowering distortion and giving greater dynamic headroom. The equalization is provided in two stages, allowing separate adjustments (via front panel level controls) for the midrange and high frequencies.

A switch located adjacent to the connection terminals allows the monitor to be bi-amplified. A special crossover card is available for the IBL Model 5234A electronic frequency dividing network to provide the appropriate crossover characteristics.

 


Specifications

Frequency Response:  35 Hz - 16,000 kHz ±3 dB

Sensitivity:  93 dB SPL

Efficiency:  1,3%

Dispersion Angle

Horizontal :  100° (+10°; -30°)

Vertical :  100° (+0°, -30°)

Impedance:  8 Ω  nominal

Max. Power Input:  300 W

Continuous Sound Pressure Level:  119 dB

Crossover Frequency:  1,000 Hz

Driver Complement:

Low Frequency :  2235H

Compression Driver :  2425H

Horn :  2344

Enclosure Volume:  0,14m³ (5 cu. Ft)

Resonance Frequency:  34 Hz

Dimensions:  908 x 556 x 400 mm (480 mm deep w/horn)

Weight Net:  26 kg (57 lbs)


 

JBL4425 monitor loudspeakers

Bi-Radial Studio Monitor

The success of the models 4430 and 4435 Bi-radial studio monitor loudspeakers has prompted JBL to introduce a smaller model based on the same principles for use in smaller studios and for a variety of demanding audio production applications.

As in the case of the larger Bi-Radial monitors, the 4425 maintains a 100-degree-by-100-degree coverage pattern from its crossover frequency (1200 Hz) up to 16 kHz. Smooth power response is ensured from the lowest frequencies up to 1200 Hz, and flat power response is maintained above that frequency. At the same time, axial response is remarkably smooth, and the combination of controlled power and axial response ensures that the reflected sound field in the control room will be free of coloration. The model 4425 also addresses the requirement for accurate stereophonic imaging. The mirror imaged pair creates absolutely symmetrical sound fields, and this is the essential requirement for precise imaging. There is no lobbing for normal off-axis listening positions in the horizontal plane, and vertical lobbing is minimized over the preferred listening arc.

The model 4425 can handle program power inputs of 200 watts, more than enough to accommodate the high acoustical levels demanded in critical listening to today's digital recordings.

 

High-Frequency Horn and Driver

The BI-Radial horn used in the model 4425 is a scaled down version of the model 2344 horn used in the 4430 and 4435 monitor loudspeakers. It is made of high-impact structural foam and is acoustically inert. The high-frequency compression driver is a completely new design making use of a computer-machined phasing plug. Tolerances are held to a high degree, and unit-to-unit variation is small. The disphragm assembly is JBL's unique titanium design, with its advantages of extended frequency response relative freedom from mechanical fatigue, and high acoustical output capability. A copper shorting ring plated on the pole piece controls high-frequency impedance and improves high-frequency response.

As is the case with the larger Bi-Radial monitors, the 4425 system maintains precisely aligned phase response over a forty-gegree wide arc in the horizontal plane. The preferred listening arc in the vertical plane is between zero (on-axis) and ten degrees up.

 

Low-Frequency Transducer

A newly designed driver, the model 2214H, is used in the 4425 monitor loudspeaker. This transducer incorporates JBL's symmetrical field geometry (SFG) magnet structure for low distortion. The 76 mm (3-in) voice coil is made of edge-wound copper ribbon wire for highest sensitivity and power handling. The inner suspension of this transducer has been designed to exhibit a progressive increase in restoring force with increasing displacement. This controls dynamic offset for low-frequency, large excursion signals, and results in reduced distortion at low frequencies. A composite coating on the cone optimizes both damping and stiffness, resulting in smoother response and lower distortion.

 


Frequency Dividing Network

In addition to the normal function of frequency division, the network in the 4425 provides power response compensation for the high-frequency drier. Two controls allow the user to contour both mid and high frequencies to match various room characteristics. While the network slopes are 12 dB/octave, the combination of inherent roll-off characteristics in both high- and low-frequency components of the system with the electrical characteristics yields quite rapid transitions in the crossover frequency. Network components are of the most rugged, low-loss type, and high-quality bypass capacitors are placed in parallel with the larger capacitors in the signal path for increased linearity.

 


Specifications

Frequency Response:  40 Hz - 16,000 kHz ±3 dB

Sensitivity:  91 dB SPL

Efficiency:  0,8%

Dispersion Angle

Horizontal :  100° (+10°; -30°)

Vertical :  100° (+0°, -30°)

Impedance:  8 Ω  nominal

Max. Power Input:  200 W

Continuous Sound Pressure Level:  114 dB

Crossover Frequency:  1,200 Hz

Driver Complement:

Low Frequency :  2214H

Compression Driver :  2416H

Horn :  2342

Enclosure Volume:  53,8 l (1,9 cu. Ft.)

Resonance Frequency:  34 Hz

Dimensions:  406 x 635 x 311 mm (375 mm deep w/horn)

Weight Net:  26 kg (57 lbs)


 

JBL 905VX loudspeakers

 

Better Sound in the Home

The same qualities that make JBL monitors the choice of studios make JBL Radiance Series loudspeakers a great choice for your home. Radiance offers strong bass, plenty of "presence" and excellent high frequency response.

Radiance loudspeakers are efficient. A receiver with as little as 10 watts per channel will drive any Radiance Series model to comfortable listening levels. Yet Radiance speakers are rugged enough to be used with receivers or amplifiers delivering up to 200 watts per channel , and they can reach the listening levels demanded for studio-quality sound.

We designed each of the transducers specifically for the Radiance Series, using advanced engineering techniques. Enclosure volumes were precisely calculated, and new dividing networks were developed to blend the outputs of the drivers smoothly at the transition frequencies. Because Radiance loudspeakers are ultimately meant to be heard by people rather than test instruments, the final decisions were made by our listening panels.

 

Specifications

Low Frequency:  250 mm ( 10") diameter

Passive Radiator: 250 mm (10") diameter

Midrange Frequency: 130 mm (5") diameter

High Frequency:  75 mm (3") diameter

Crossover Frequency:  600 Hz, 3000 Hz

Nominal Impedance:  4 Ω

Sensitivity:  88 dB (SPL at 1m/1W input)

Recommended Amplifier Power Range:  10 - 150 watts continuous sine wave per channel

Dimensions (H x W x D):  959 x 413 x 324 mm ( 37-3/4" x 1-1/4" x 12-3/4")

Weight Net:  27 kg (59 lb)


 



JBL 902VX loudspeakers

The Heritage of the Recording Studio

Recording professionals demand the best equipment. Their studio monitors must meet the highest standards of accuracy, controlled dispersion, efficiency, and durability. That's why professionals choose JBL.

In 1978, for instance, 35 of the top 50 albums were recorded, mixed, or mastered on JBL loudspeakers, according to a Recording Institute of America survey.

 


Specifications

Low Frequency:  300 mm ( 12") diameter

Passive Radiator: No

Midrange Frequency: 130 mm (5") diameter

High Frequency:  75 mm (3") diameter

Crossover Frequency:  600 Hz, 3000 Hz

Nominal Impedance:  4 Ω

Sensitivity:  88 dB (SPL at 1m/1W input)

Recommended Amplifier Power Range:  10 - 200 watts continuous sine wave per channel

Dimensions (H x W x D):  699 x 434 x 326 mm ( 27-1/2" x 17-1/16" x 12-3/4")

Weight Net:  20,2 kg (44,5 lb)


 

JBL 702VX speakers

Innovative Styling

Radiance Series loudspeakers follow in the JBL tradition of visual as well as acoustical excellence. With the grille on, the speakers present a simple yet elegant appearance that fits harmoniously into any room. With the grille off, the reflective finish of the baffle can be as subtle or spectacular as you want. The enclosure finish is a furniture-grade walnut-grained vinyl that resists stains and spills.

 


Specifications

Low Frequency:  250 mm ( 10") diameter

Passive Radiator: No

Midrange Frequency: 130 mm (5") diameter

High Frequency:  75 mm (3") diameter

Crossover Frequency:  600 Hz, 3000 Hz

Nominal Impedance:  4 Ω

Sensitivity:  88 dB (SPL at 1m/1W input)

Recommended Amplifier Power Range:  10 - 150 watts continuous sine wave per channel

Dimensions (H x W x D):  648 x 404 x 284 mm ( 25-1/2" x 15-7/8" x 11-3/16")

Weight Net:  17,3 kg (38 lb)


 

JBL 502VX speakers

Every step in the design and construction of the JBL Radiance Series, from the initial computer calculations to the final packing, is done at our own Northridge, California headquarters. JBL have complete manufacturing facilities for transducers and furniture, an extensively equipped engineering laboratory, and a complete chemical laboratory. Much of our tooling was designed and built especially by us because none was available that met our specifications.

JBL have more test equipment devoted exclusively to quality control that most speaker companies have in their entire engineering departments. Each finished product must measure up to a laboratory standard by actual test before it can be packed. At JBL we control all the variables, so we don't have to compromise our design goals.

 


Specifications

Low Frequency:  200 mm ( 8") diameter

Passive Radiator: No

Midrange Frequency: No

High Frequency:  75 mm (3") diameter

Crossover Frequency:  2000 Hz

Nominal Impedance:  4 Ω

Sensitivity:  86 dB (SPL at 1m/1W input)

Recommended Amplifier Power Range:  10 - 80 watts continuous sine wave per channel

Dimensions (H x W x D):  546 x 343 x 284 mm ( 22-1/2" x 13-1/2" x 11-3/16")

Weight Net:  12,5 kg (27,5 lb)


 

JBL L100T loudspeakers

JBL Speakers for Accurate Sound Reproduction

The accurate reproduction of sound requires different physical demands upon a loudspeaker. The deepest bass frequencies, especially at high volume levels, require the speaker cone to travel quite a distance in order to move the necessary amount of air. Conversely, high frequencies require a diaphragm that can move much more rapidly, over shorter distances. The choice of capacitors, resistors, inductors and the circuitry in speaker design is of critical importance to the  resulting sound.

In the "L" series, the same speakers that are auditioned by engineers and producers while recording - the speakers by which the quality of the sound is judged by the professionals throughout the recording process - are here for the home environment. The "L" series from JBL.

 

JBL's top-of-the-line three-way , floor standing system reproduces sound equivalent to first generation sources - compact discs, master tapes and high performance pressings, possessing a sensitivity of 91 dB at 1 Watt/1 meter, a continuous power rating of 200 Watts, and dynamic power rating of 800 Watts (peak IEC shaped noise). The L100T integrates a pure titanium high frequency trasducer (o35Ti), laminated high polymer cone mid-frequency trasducer, a 12-inch Aquaplas low frequency trasducer and High Spatial Identification Dividing Network to truly recreate the professional sound in the home.

 


Titanium High Frequency Transducers for The Clearest Sound Available

Polypropylene to provide The Smoothest Response

Aquaplas for Low Frequencies - a proven material with the pros

JBL's Unique SFG (Symmetrical Field Geometry) - to produce deep, powerful, and clear bass.

"L" Series with High Spatial Identification Dividing Networks

Integrity in Construction and Quality Internal / External Connections

Cabinetry - Aesthetic As Well As Acoustic Excellence

The "L" Series - bringing Professional Sound all the way home.

 


Specifications

Type:  3-Way System

Drivers

LF :  12" Aquaplas Laminate Low Frequency Transducer

MF:  5" High Polymer Laminate Mid-Frequency Transducer

HF :  1" High Frequency Transducer with pure Titanium Diaphragm

Sensitivity:  91 dB SPL 2,83 Volts at 1 meter

Frequency Response:  -6 dB at 35 Hz and 27 kHz, +2,5 dB from 45 Hz to 20 kHz

Crossover:  800 Hz and 4,5 kHz

Power Handling:  200 Watts continuous, 800 Watts Peak IEC Shaped Noise

Dimensions (W x H x D):  406 x 927 x 337 mm (16" x 36-1/2" x 13-1/4")

Weight Shipping:  33,2 kg (73 lbs)/ Each


 

JBL L80T loudspeakers

Engineering Expertise

There are basically two ways for a company to build a loudspeaker system. The most common method is to buy the component parts from mass suppliers and assemble them, accepting the inevitable compromises which result from using off-the-shelf components.

JBL has a better way. For nearly forty years JBL has designed and built the entire system, form the initial computer calculations to the finished product. All variables are controlled so design goals never have to be compromised. Better engineering is the JBL approach to better sound. At JBL engineering takes many forms; Component design, testing of materials, manufacturing techniques and electronics. JBL always seeks new and better materials and subjects them to thorough examinations, including detailed vibrational analysis and magnetic measurements. A fully equipped tool and die shop is maintained to enable JBL to manufacture equipment with tolerances as close as two ten thousandths of an inch. JBL measures and analyses tone bursts, impulse response and phase response with the use of state-of-the-art. Time-display spectometry, Fourier analysis, and other advanced techniques. For the most accurate measurements conceivable, JBL employs a wide variety of specially calibrated condenser microphones, in addition to testing in their own anechoic chamber. Human ears still remain JBL's most sensitive measuring instrument. Every design is subjected to extensive critical listening by a panel which includes audiophiles, recording engineers and musicians, throughout a product's development.

 

The JBL L80T , a three-way floor standing system, yields unparalleled sound reproduction with its combination of a pure titanium high frequency transducer (O35Ti), laminated high polymer cone mid-frequency transducer, 10-inch Aquaplas low frequency transducer and High Spatial Identification Dividing Network. The L80T has a sensitivity of 90 dB a 1 Watt/1 meter, a continuous power rating of 150 Watts, and a  dynamic power rating of 600 Watts (peak IEC shaped noise). With its extended frequency response, ability to deliver original dynamic range and the re-creation of the full sound stage, the L80T sets the stage at home.

 


Specifications

Type:  3-Way System

Drivers

LF :  10" Aquaplas Laminate Low Frequency Transducer

MF:  5" High Polymer Laminate Mid-Frequency Transducer

HF :  1" High Frequency Transducer with pure Titanium Diaphragm

Sensitivity:  90 dB SPL 2,83 Volts at 1 meter

Frequency Response:  -6 dB at 35 Hz and 27 kHz, +2,5 dB from 45 Hz to 20 kHz

Crossover:  800 Hz and 4,5 kHz

Power Handling:  150 Watts continuous, 600 Watta Peak IEC Shaped Noise

Dimensions (W x H x D):  356 x 851 x 298 mm (14" x 33-1/2" x 11-3/4")

Weight Shipping:  26,4 kg (58 lbs)/ Each


 

JBL L60T loudspeakers


 

JBL's technical expertise and sonic accuracy makes JBL loudspeakers the choice of audio professionals around the world

Recording engineers depend on their studio monitor loudspeakers for accurate sound reproduction. Motion picture sound advancements require even more rugged, wide range theater speakers. Concert halls need superior sound reinforcement systems for proper amplification. Rock concerts must have sound systems that can maintain fidelity at enormous volume levels for hours on end.

In all of these applications, JBL loudspeaker systems are the choice of the professionals. They're the choice of major recording companies including Warner brothers, Capitol and EMI in addition to nearly seventy percent of the recording studios worldwide. They're the choice of renowned concert halls such as Lincoln Center's Avery Fisher Hall in New York, etc.. They're the choice of state-of-the-art. Motion picture theaters throughout the country. They're the choice of superstar rock artists while touring. And they're the choice of such major rock events as Cal jam II, where JBL loudspeakers supplied the sound for over 300,000 listeners, and Live Aid in America, which gathered the largest rock audience in history.

Every speaker in the "L" series - L100T, L80T, L60T and L20T - has a direct twin in the JBL studio monitor line. For the first time the intended original dynamic range, extended frequency response and recreation of the full sound stage is available for home use. For the first time ever, the same speakers that producers and engineers use to mix their recordings sets the stage in the home environment. JBL, bringing professional sound all the way home.

The L60T provides professional sound in the home environment. The elegant two-way, floor standing system, with 8-inch low frequency transducer, teams JBLs renowned titanium high frequency transducer (O35Ti) with a laminated high polymer cone mid/low frequency trasducer. The result is a sensitivity of 88 dB at 1 Watt/1 meter, a continuous power rating of 120 Watts, and a dynamic power rating of 480 Watts (peak IEC shaped noise). The all-wood vener L60T provides extended bass response at high power levels for startling realism.

 

 


Specifications

Type:  2-Way System

Drivers

LF :  8" Polymer Laminate Low Frequency Transducer

HF :  1" High Frequency Transducer with pure Titanium Diaphragm

Sensitivity:  88 dB SPL 2,83 Volts at 1 meter

Frequency Response:  -6 dB at 35 Hz and 27 kHz, +2,5 dB from 45 Hz to 20 kHz

Crossover:  2,5 kHz

Power Handling:  120 Watts continuous, 480 Watta Peak IEC Shaped Noise

Dimensions (W x H x D):  305 x 775 x 245 mm (12" x 30-1/2" x 10")

Weight Shipping:  18,2 kg (40 lbs)/ Each

JBL L20T loudspeakers

The JBL philosophy goes back to 1929, when James B. Lansing began building small loudspeakers for radios and phonographs. A new challenge soon interested him; Loudspeakers for movie theatres. "Talkies" had come of age and there was a need for loudspeakers that could fill the large movie houses with high quality sound. Lansing perfected techniques for milling flat wire and winding it on edge for superior voice coils. He also made vital contributions to compression driver technology, and many of this designs were forerunners of today's production models.

But even more important than any single advancement in technology, James B. Lansing established an approach that guides JBL to this day; Uncompromised engineering and manufacturing to deliver the best loudspeaker systems possible.

 

 

The L20T compact monitor, a two-way bookshelf system with a 6-1/2" low frequency transducer, offers extended frequency response, original dynamic range, and the reproduction of the full sound stage in the home. The L20T features JBL's acclaimed 1-inch titanium high frequency transducer (O35Ti) and polypropylene mid/low frequency transducer to deliver sound as it was intended to be heard. The sensitivity is 87 dB at 1 Watt/1 meter, and has continuous power rating of 100 Watts and dynamic power rating of 4-- Watts (peak IEC shaped noise). The L20T performance previously unavailable in such a small package.

 

 


Specifications

Type:  2-Way System

Drivers

LF :  6-1/2" Filled Polypropylene Low Frequency Transducer

HF :  1" High Frequency Transducer with pure Titanium Diaphragm

Sensitivity:  87 dB SPL 2,83 Volts at 1 meter

Frequency Response:  -6 dB at 45 Hz and 27 kHz, =2,5 dB from 50 Hz to 20 kHz

Crossover:  3 kHz

Power Handling:  100 Watts continuous, 400 Watta Peak IEC Shaped Noise

Dimensions (W x H x D):  241 x 378 x 235 mm (9-1/2" x 14-7/8" x 9-1/4")

Weight Shipping:  17,3 kg (38 lbs) pair


 

JBL L 112 loudspeakers

J.B. lansing claims that these L112 bookshelf loudspeaker system are  of "state-of-the-art." 3-way design, partly beacuse they are designed as "mirror-imaged pairs". The L-112 features a new 1-inch dome radiator, a 5-inch midrange speaker and a 12-inch low frequency transducer. A new, high-resolution dividing network provides smooth transition between the drivers, controlling each throughout its entire operating range. The woofer utilizes JBL's unique Symmetrical Field geometry flux-stabilized magnetic structure ; it delivers deep, extended low frequency response according to JBL. A powerful magnet weighing more than 10 pounds and a 3-inch copper edge wound voice coil contribute to high power handling capability, low distortion and "outstanding" transient response. The midrange is housed in an isolated subchamber to prevent interaction with the low frequency driver. A new dome radiator is said to reproduce the highest harmonics with power and clarity.
The system's enclosure measures 21-1/2 inches by 14-1/4 inches by 13 inches, and is constructed of dense compressed wood panels veneered in American black walnut and lined with fibreglass to absorb unwanted resonances.  The speaker can be driven by any amplifier delivering from 10 to 300 watts continuous sine wave per channel.
 new Dome Radiator
Designed specifically for the L112, the new high frequency dome radiator has the extraordinary ability to acurately reproduce the highest harmonics - the subtlest shadings of music -  with depth. Yet it clenly handles the loudest musical peaks with authority. In developing this transducer, we utilized the capabilities of our fully equipped laser-optics laboratory. Highly detailed holograms (three-dimensional photographs) allowed us to study diaphragm motion and identify flaws that would have otherwise gone undetected (much the way X-rays aid a doctor). The high-frequency dome of the L112 is formed of a lightweight phenolic material, coated with aluminum by means of a vaper deposition process. The dome has the optimum combination of strength, mass, and rigidity, and a copper voice coil drives it over the full circumference for smooth, low-distortion response acros its entire wide operating range.

SFG - Cleaner, More Powerful Bass
The 300 mm 912 in) low frequency transducer of the l112 utilizes JBl's unique SFG (Symmetrical Field Geometry) magnetic structure to produce deep, powerful, clean bass. The SFG innovations - the symmetrical magnetic field at the voice coil gap and the aluminum Flux Stabilizing Ring - dramatically reduce the second harmonic distortion found in conventional drivers. A powerful magnet and large 75 mm (3 in) voice coil give the driver high power-handling capability, further reduction of distortion, and outstanding transient response. The thick white coating on the cone is an exclusive JBL, formulation that gives the cone the optimum mass and stiffness for flatest frequency response.
Specifications
Max. Recommended Amplifier Power:  300 watts per channel
Nominal Impedance:  8 Ω
Crossover Frequencies:  1,2 kHz, 3,7 kHz
System Sensitivity:  89 dB SPL, 1 W/1 m
Low Frequency Driver
Nominal Diameter :  300 mm (12")
Voice Coil :  76 mm (3") copper
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  4,7 kg (10,25 lb)
Flux Density:  1,05 tesla ( 10,500 gauss)
Sensitivity :  89 dB SPL
Midrange Driver
Nominal Diameter :  130 mm (5")
Voice Coil :  22 mm (7/8") copper
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  0,74 kg (1,62 lb)
Flux Density:  1,4 tesla ( 14,000 gauss)
Sensitivity :  91 dB SPL
High Frequency Dome Radiator
Nominal Diameter :  25 mm (1")
Voice Coil :  25 mm (1") copper
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  0,9 kg (2 lb)
Flux Density:  1,4 tesla ( 14,000 gauss)
Sensitivity :  89 dB SPL
Finish/Grille Colors:  Oiled walnut /  brown
Dimensions (W x H x D):  622 x 362 x 333 mm (24-1/2" x 14-1/4" x 13")
Weight (shipping):  25 kg (55 lb)

JBL 4401


Features:
Smooth, accurate response from 70 Hz to 18 kHz (±3 dB)
88 dB SPL 1W/1m (3,3ft)
Components:  170 mm (6-1/2 in) low frequency loudspeaker; 25 mm (1 in) high frequency dome radiator
Oiled walnut enclosure
Optinal steel cradle mount

The most compact of the JBL studio monitors, the 4401 is ideal for use as a main monitor in applications where space is at a premium. The tight driver cluster gives the 4401  outstanding coherency in the near field, making it also an excellent choice for a console-mount secondary monitor.
The 4401 shares the design philosophy of the larger JBL4430 and 4435 monitors, smooth response over a wide coverage angle, with wide dynamic range and clear, open sound. Particular attention has been paid to the design of the dividing network and to the physical placement of the drivers. Each driver is the product of extensive research and testing, and each has been designed for optimum performance in the system.

High Frequency Dome Radiator
Today's recording techniques place a premium on high frequency accuracy and definition, and JBl has designed the 4401's high frequency dome radiator to meet these demands. The dome is formed of a lightweight phenolic material and coated with a microscopiclly thin layer of aluminum through a sophicticated vapor-deposition process. The hard dome construction provides smooth response with higher efficiency  and acoustic output than a comparable soft dome. Additionally, the driver exhibits outstandings linearity over its full operating range - there is virtually no power compression.

Low Frequemcy Driver
The 4401 utilizes a low frequency driver specially designed for optimum performance in a compact enclosure. The 1700 mm  loudspeaker exhibits unusually  smooth frequency response, superior transient response, and extremely low distortion. It features a die-cast aluminum frame for structural integrity under the most adverse operating conditions.

Symmetrical Field Geometry Design
The loudspeaker's magnetic strukture features JBL's unique Symmetrical Field Geometry (SFG) desin to reduce second harmonic distortion to less than one tenth the level found in conventional designs. The cone is of laminated construction to achieve the desired combination of light weight and rigidity. The coating, and exclusive JBL formulation, adds, a precise amount of mass and provides optimum damping characteristic .  Carefully engineered suspension elements reduce DC offsets and an unusually long voice coil allows exceptional excursion linearity.

Frequemncy Dividing network
The sophisticated dividing network contributes significantly to the overall performance of the system. The carefully chosen transition slopes and crossover point provide flat axial response and minimize off-axis variation, so that power response is also smooth. The design allows a more predictable interface of the 4401 qand the studio environment. Stereo imaging also remains stable over a wider area.
 to take full advantage of the inherently excellent transient response of the two drivers. JBL engineers applied a principle typically found only in active high frequency electronics. Polypropylene and polystyrene bypass capacitors are wired in parallel  with the network's larger  Mylar capacitors to reduce the hysteresis effects on the signal. This provides improved resolution of complex transient waveforms.
The network's iron-core and air-core inductors are carefully chosen for their high current capacity and low DC characteristics. A high frequency level control protrudes through the grille for individual adjustments to the spectral balance.
To simplify wall or console mounting, the 4401 may be ordered with optional cradle mounts manufactured of rugged steel.

SPECIFICATIONS
System
Frequency Response: 70 Hz to 18 kHz (±3 dB)
Power Capacity:  60 W
Sensitivity:  88 dB SPL
Nominal Impedance:  8 Ω
Crossover Frequency:  2,500 Hz
Low Frequency Loudspeaker
Nominal Diamater:  170 mm (6-1/2 in)
Voice Coil:  38 mm (1-1/2 in)
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  1,3 kg (3 lb)
Flux Density:  0,95 tesla (9,500 gauss)
Sensitivity:  89 dB SPL
High Frequency Dome radiator
Nominal Diameter:  25 mm (1 in)
Voice Coil:  25 mm (1 in ) copper
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  0,68 kg (1-1/2 lb)
Flux Density:  1,4 tesla (14,000 gauss)
Sensitivity:  89 dB SPL
General
Finish:  Oiled walnut
Grille Color:  Dark blue
Dimensions (W x H x D):  375 x 238 x 183 mm
Weight:  16 kg (shipping)
Optional Equipment:  MC 4401 Speaker Cradle for free standing use or wall mounting

JBL L-50

 JBL's newest tree-way bookshelf loudspeaker is a happy blend of the ideal and the attalnable. Here's how they met.
We built a superb system called the l212. it's an absolutely no-trade-off, state-of-the-art., $1,700 system that hasredefined the upper limits of hogh performance sound.
Wouldn't it be great if we could build a loudspeaker that would sound as expensive but wouldn't be. The answer's the L50. you can take a pair home for $550. but before you do that, turn them on. The sound is everywhere. No matter which way you turn you're in the center of the music. Here's what's heppening to you.
You're learning the new geometry of sound. The third dimension: Bass guitar, left front. Saxophone behind. Drums deep in the middle. Lead guitar front right. Flute behind. And the sound is never altered, colored non caricatured.
The silent hero of the L50's smooth, seamless sound is the best crossover network you can buy - the same kind we put into our studio monitors. You owe it to your soul to hear the L50's. and be sure to ask for them by their first name: JBL. That guarantees you'll get the same craftsmanship, the same components, the same sound heard in leading recording studios and concert halls, around the world.  Come hear the L50's, come see what it's like to get close to perfect.
 The precise vertical alignment of the transducers insures near perfect stereo imaging.
System Components:
Low Frequency Driver :  127A
Nominal Diameter:  250 mm (10 ")
Voice Coil:  50 mm (2") copper
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  1,1 kg (2,5 lb)
Flux Density:  0,85 tesla (8500 gauss)
Sensitivity:  88 dB SPL
Cone Kit:  C8R127A
Impedance Nominal:  8 Ω
Dynamic Test Input:  5 V
Sweep Frequency:  30 - 1200 Hz
D.C. Resistance:  4,8 Ω (minimum); 5,6 Ω (max.)
Gap Gauge:  ,044"
Mid Range Driver :  LE5-10
Nominal Diameter:  130 mm (5 :)
Voice Coil:  22 mm (7/8")
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  0,74 kg (1-3/8")
Flux Density:  1,4 tesla (14,000 gauss)
Sensitivity:  91 dB SPL
Cone Kit:  C8RLE510
Impedance Nominal:  8 Ω
Dynamic Test Input:  4 V
Sweep Frequency:  75 - 3000 Hz
D.C. Resistance:  4,9 Ω (minimum); 6,1 Ω (max.)
Gap Gauge:  ,040
High Frequency Driver :  LE26
Nominal Diameter:  36 mm (1-1/2")
Voice Coil:  16 mm (5/8")
Magnetic Assembly Weight:  0,74 kg
Flux Density:  1,5 tesla (15,000 gauss)
Sensitivity:  91 dB SPL
Diaphragm Kit:  D8RLE26
Impedance Nominal:  8 Ω
Dynamic Test Input:  3 V
Sweep Frequency:  500 - 1200 Hz
D.C. Resistance:  3,4 Ω (minimum); 4,3 Ω (max.)
Gap Gauge:  ,029"
Systems Specifications
Nominal Impedance:  8 Ω
Max. Recommended Amp Power:  70 watts
Crossover Frequencies:  800 Hz, 3000 Hz
Sensitivity:  88 dB (1 W at 1 m)
Enclosure Dimensions (W x H x D): 362 x 622 x 314 mm (14-1/4" x 24-1/2" x 12-11/32")
Shipping Weight:  21 kg (47 lbs)
Finish/Grille  :  Oiled, Walnut / Blue, brown, rust