What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Sanyo RD-4300 cassette deck

Stereo Cassette Tape Deck

The perfect stereo cassette tape deck for audio perfectionists. This brand new Sanyo model contains Dolby Noise (Reduction) which almost completely eliminates annoying huma and hissing sounds that heretofore have been an unavoidable part of stereo cassette recording and playback. This advanced unit also has a tape select switch for nominal or high quality chrome tapes. Monitoring while recording is also possible and a cue control and full automatic shut off are built in. At the end of a recording a special memory counter returns the tape to the exact beginning of the freshy recorded material.

Other outstanding features include a pause button, output level control for lineout level, DIN connector and two large VU meters a panel that automatically rises up from the unit at the touch of a button. The Signal-to-Noise Ratio of model RD4300 with the Dolby switch on is 58 dB and the amazingly flat frequency response when a chrome tape is used is 20 to 18,000 Hz. An outstanding stereo tape deck for audio enthusiasts who refuse to settle for less than the best.

 

Features

Dolby noise Reduction

A simple comparison of sounds with the Dolby function switch on and then off clearly shows the value of this noise reduction circuit. Tape hissing and other irritating sounds and humming are almost totally suppressed.

Convenient cueing control, Auto Stop

Finding recorded sections of the tape during fast forward and rewind has been greatly facilitated with a built-in cueing device. There is also a full automatic shut off system that turns off the mechanism at the end of the tape during playback, recording, rewind or fast forward.

Tape select switch for ordinary and chrome tapes

This unit takes both chromium dioxide and ordinary cassette tapes. The wider frequency response of chrome tapes is rated at 20 to 18,000 Hz. A tape select switch is provided for differentiating between the two types.

Excellent sound characteristics

Wow and flutter of this model is 0,1% RMS, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio when the Dolby switch is on is rated at 58 dB

Two large VU meters

For precision recording and playback two large VU meters are supplied. These meters are built into a special panel that tilts up automatically from the unit at the touch of a button.

Other

Other features include a pause button, separate record/play controls, two microphone inputs, a double eject system that allows you to check the amount of tape left without disturbing the playback or recording and a detachable plate for easy head-cleaning.

 


Specifications

Recording System:  AC bias, 1/4 track stereo

Erasing System:  AC erase

Tape:  Chromium dioxide tape or ordinary cassette tape

Tape Speed:  1-7/8 ips (4,75 cm/sec.)

Recording Time:  60 min. (double-track C-60 tape)

Fast Forward and Rewind Time:  70 sec.

Wow and Flutter:  0,1% RMS

Frequency Response:

Chrome Tape :  20 - 18,000 Hz

Ordinary Tape :  20 - 16,000 Hz

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Dolby ON :  58 dB

Dolby OFF :  50 dB

Inputs Impedance

MIC :  20 k

AUX :  500 k

DIN :  10 k

Output Impedance

Headphone :  10 k

Line Out :  2 k

DIN :  2 k

Semiconductors:  30 Transistors (includes 2 x FET), 21 Diodes

Power Requirements:  AC 120,220,240 V 50/60 Hz

Dimensions (W x H x D):  440 x 120 x 242 mm (17-1/2" x 4-3/4" x 9-1/2")

Weight:  5,7 kg (12,6 lbs)


 

Optonica ST-3535 tuner

Outstanding Features

Multipath Detector Circuit

The ST-3535 incorporates a meter and terminals for an oscilloscope to detect multipath distortion and a built-in circuit to monitor its composition. The degree of multipath distortion is indicated by the meter, by the sound volume or by the waveform on the oscilloscope. Therefore, the antenna direction is easily and accurately reset. The circuit also improves FM listening and assures optimum recording.

Built-in Air Check Calibrator

This is a unique device for accurate "FM Air Check". Just flip on the switch and a level signal equivalent to that of the FM signal is generated. Then all you have to do is set the recording level to 0 VU on the deck.

Monolithic ICs are employed, Inter-station noise is eliminated by the muting switch

A hi-blend switch to reduce noise during reception of weak FM stereo signal

Variable audio output level control

Signal strength meter - this meter responses in proportion to the degree of signal intensity, thereby rendering effortless tuning under any condition

Easy-to-read-and-tune FM linear dial with a frequency-linear type variable capacitor, 8-11/16" wide scale, large flywheel and smooth tuning mechanism

FM signal input attenuator reduces distortion due to high signal input levels for stable FM reception

The FM antenna is equipped with dual terminals for 300 ohms or 75 ohms

Composite signal output terminal is provided for future possible FM 4-channel broadcasting

 

Outstanding Performance

Dual-gate MOS FETs and FM front end equipped with 4-gang linear tuning capacitor

The FM front end consists of a 4-gang capacitor that employs a double-tuned RF amplifier stage and a mixing stage. Remarkable performance characteristics such as 2,5 µV IHF sensitivity. 80 dB spurious response rejection ratio and 85 dB IF rejection ratio are attained. These figures assure high sensitivity and stable reception.

IF stage designed for high selectivity and interference protection

To obtain both ultra-low distortion characteristics and high selectivity, a phase linear ceramic filter and differential IC circuit are employed to make the phase characteristics at the IF stage linear. The band pass characteristics is also greatly improved.

PLL MPX circuitry

The PLL (phase-Locked Loop) circuit replaces the conventional coils and associated components with ultra-reliable integrated circuitry. The PLL circuit automatically compensates for phase-shift, thus ensuring stable separation for long periods of use.

A sub-carrier trap with inductive M-type filter is employed

 


Specifications

FM Section

Frequency Range: 87,6 - 108 MHz

Antenna Input:  75  (unbalanced); 300  (balanced)

Sensitivity (IHF)

Mono :  2,5 µV (300  antenna terminal)

Image Rejection:  80 dB

IF Rejection:  85 dB

Spurious Response Rejection:  80 dB

AM Suppression:  43 dB (mod. 30% AM by 1 kHz and 100% FM by 400 Hz)

Capture ratio:  1,5 dB

Selectivity:  65 dB (±400 kHz, 65 kHz Dev.)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Mono :  65 dB (75 kHz  Dev. 1 kHz)

Total Harmonic Distortion

Mono :  0,4% (75 kHz  Dev. 1 kHz)

Stereo :  0,8% (75 kHz  Dev. 1 kHz)

Stereo Separation

34 dB :  1 kHz, 75 kHz Dev.

25 dB :  50 Hz - 10 kHz

Frequency Response:  45 Hz - 13 kHz (±1,5 dB)

AM Section

Frequency Range:  520 - 1620 kHz

Antenna:  Built-in ferrite loopstick antenna AM external antenna terminal

Sensitivity:  400 µV /m (IHF, ferrite antenna)

Selectivity:  25 dB (at 1,000 kHz)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio:  35 dB

Image Rejection:  55 dB (at 600 kHz)

Total Harmonic Distortion :  1,5%

Audio Section

FM Output

Fixed :  0,5 V (1 kHz, 75 kHz Dev.)

Variable :  0 - 1,0 V (1 kHz, 75 kHz Dev.)

A Output

Fixed :  0,15 V (30% Mod.)

Variable :  0 -0 ,3 V (30% Mod.)

Composit Signal Out Terminal:  Yes

General

Semiconductors:  2 MOS FETs; 5 ICs plus 1 aux IC; 10 Transistors plus 16 aux Transistors; 6 Diodes plus 15 aux Diodes

Power Requirements:  AC 120 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption:  24 W

Dimensions (W x H x D):  17-3/8" x 5-5/8" x 15"

Weight:  2 lbs


 

Toshiba ST-500 tuner

AM / FM Stereo Tuner

4-gang tuning condenser and dual gate 4-pole FET's in FM front end

Ceramic filters and two ICs consist of differential amplifier limiter in FM IF circuit

Linear, wide-scale dial, and two tuning meters, and AFC on/off switch, and FM muting circuit

RF amplification, double stage AGC and ceramic filter for low distortion and high AM sensitivity and for normal operation opposing strong signals

High-blend switch and manual FM/FM-stereo switch for improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio at weak FM stereo signal

Output terminal for future FM 4-channel broadcasting

Natural walnut cabinet

 


Specifications

FM Section

Tuning Range:  88 - 108 MHz

Intermediate Frequency:  10,7 MHz

Sensitivity:  1,8 µV (IHF); 1,8 µV (S/N=30 dB)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio :  66 dB

Capture Ratio:  1,5 dB

Selectivity:  80 dB (IHF)

Image Rejection:  80 dB

IF Rejection:  80 dB

Spurious rejection:  100 dB

AM Suppression:  50 dB (IHF)

Frequency Response:  20 - 15,000 Hz ±1 dB

Antenna:  300  (balanced); 75  (unbalanced)

Harmonic Distortion

Mono :  0,2% at 400 Hz (100% mod.)

Stereo :  0,5% at 400 Hz (100% mod.)

FM Stereo Separation:  better than 35 dB at 1,000 Hz

19 kHz, 38 kHz Suppression:  50 dB

AM Section

Tuning Range:  530 - 1605 kHz

Intermediate Frequency:  455 kHz

Sensitivity:  15 µV (IHF)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio:  45 dB

Image Rejection:  70 dB

Selectivity:  30 dB (±10 kHz)

IF Rejection:  70 dB

Overload:  2 V/m at 1,000 kHz

Harmonic Distortion: 1%

General

Circuit:  Superheterodyne [AM & FM] 2 ICs ; 3 FET's; 23 Transistors; 23 Diodes

Power Source:  AC 100/120/220/240 V ; 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption:  25 W

Output Level:  600 mV (fixed, 100% modulation) 0 - 2 V (variable)

Dimensions (W x H x D):  400 x 125 x 333 mm ( 15-3/4" x 4-7/8" x 12")

Weight:  5,6 kg (14-5/16")

Accessory:  FM feeder antennas, connecting cord, polishing cloth,


 

Tandberg TR-1040 receiver

The FM Receiver

The FM receiver has MOSFET transistors giving good reception for weak and strong stations. Extra linear phase response and high selectivity with 4-pole ceramic filters. A good performance is obtained from the integrated IF amplifier and detector. The FM stereo decoder has integrated circuits that include a phase-locked-loop oscillator giving good channel separation over the complete frequency range. The stereo decoder has automatic or manual change-over between mono and stereo. Active filters remove the stereo systems pilot tone and auxiliary carrier wave. Precise tuning is easy with the two large tuning meters, a big advantage, especially with stereo transmissions. The FM receiver is equipped with a muting circuit that removes inter-station noise.

 

Power amplifier

The amplifier has been designed to handle extremely heavy loads. Automatic protection circuits keep watch over it constantly. tR-1040 has a direct coupled, short-circuit proof output stage. Complementary output transistors give very low distortion. An electronic controlled relay protects the loudspeakers from accidental d.c. damage. Automatic thermal protection disconnects the amplifiers if they are overheated (from bad ventilation) and connects them again immediately the temperature has fallen.

 

Pre-amplifier

The pre-amplifier is designed for a transcription unit or record player with a magnetic pick-up. All the inputs are adjustable. Three effective filters (1 Low and 2 High) attenuate disturbing noise from program sources. An extra refinement is the separate bass and treble controls for each channel which permits equalization for bass and treble differences resulting from asymmetrical positioning of loudspeakers.

 


Specifications

Audio Section

Power Output:  average continuous sinewave power is 40 watts minimum rms per channel, both channels driver into 8 ohms load, from 20 to 20,000 Hz with no more than 0,2% t.h.d from 1/4 watt to 40 watts as specified herein.

Total Harmonic Distortion :maximum 0,2% at any power from 1/4 watt up to rated power.

Intermodulation Distortion:  0,2%

Damping Factor:  50 at 8 , 20 - 20,000 Hz

Frequency Range:  Linear inputs from 7 to 70,000 Hz (-1,5 dB)

Controls

Treble :  ±15 dB at 10,000 Hz

Loudness Comp. : +7 dB at 10,000 Hz

Bass :  ±16 dB at 50 Hz

Loudness Comp. : +12 dB at 50 Hz

Low Filter:  -3 dB at 70 Hz (-12 dB /oct.)

High Filer 1 :  -3 dB at 8000 Hz (-12 dB/octave)

High Filter 2 :  -3 dB at 8000 Hz (-6 dB /octave)

Channel Separation: 

Phono :  52 dB (at 1 kHz)

Tape :  56 dB (at 1 kHz)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (IHF)

Phono :  68 dB

Tape 1, 2 :  82 dB

Sensitivity:

Phono :  1,8 to 6,0 mV

Tape 1, 2 :  130 to 500 mV

Main Amplifier Sensitivity:  200 mV

Input Impedance :  10 k

Outputs

Tape 1 and Tape 2 Outputs (Unloaded)

DIN Socket :  200 mV

Phono Socked :  1 V

Pre-Amplifier Output:  1 V / 1 k  

FM Section

Tuning Range:  87,5 to 108 MHz

Sensitivity IHF:  2,0 µV at 300

50 dB Quieting:  3,5 µV at 300

Selectivity:

Carrier down (alternate channel) 100 dB at ±400 kHz

IHF Dynamic (alternate channel) 80 dB at ±400 kHz

Carrier Down  (adjacent channel) 40 dB at ±200 kHz

IHF Dynamic  (adjacent channel) 10 dB at ±200 kHz

Spurious Response:  better than 95 dB

Capture Ratio (at 1 mV ant. volt, selectively measured):  0,9 dB

Total Harmonic Distortion (at 100% modulation)

Mono :  0,2%

Stereo :  0,3%

Channel Separation (at 100 Hz to 10,000 Hz, selectively measured):  better than 40 dB

Pilot Tone Suppression: better than 68 dB

38 kHz Suppression:  better than 60 dB

SCA Suppression: better than 70 dB

General:

Main Voltage:  120 V (Internal Connections for 120/220/240 V ) 50/60 Hz

Dimensions (W x H x D):  440 x 132 x 310 mm (17-1/2" x 5-3/16" x 12-1/4") + knobs 20 mm (3/4")

Weight:  9 kg (20 lbs)


 

Rotel RX-802 receiver

We've the fine wood-grain cabinet off of the RX-802 to give you a perfect picture of what performance in a high-quality AM/FM stereo receiver looks like. So see for yourself. It's all here. A masterful blend of the very latest circuitry. Low-noise, long-life silicon transistors integrated circuits. An AM/FM front end that's out front in sensitivity and performance. A power amplifier section that's - well, we'll let you decide for yourself what it is after hearing the giant 6,800 mfd block capacitors in action. And an advanced NF and IC equalizer amplifier. This and more, all within the good looking RX-802 enclosure. And all there for one reason. To give you the most satisfying experience in stereo dynamics that you've had to date. Inside and out, the RX-802 is not only the sweetest looking receiver on the music market, it's the sweetest sounding sweetest looking.

 

The performance begins here

With a high-performance, high-sensitivity FM front end. The RX-802 has dual-gate MOS FET's and a 4-gang linear-frequency tuning capacitor, the latter largely contributes to sensitivity and performance which you will translate directly into musical enjoyment. If you.ve thought all along that all receivers were basically the same, you'll stop where RX-802 performance begins.

 


FM IF and AM IF sections

In the FM IF section, 2 high-gain ICs housing 6 differential amplifiers and two linear-phase ceramic filters get together to achieve brilliant selectivity and rejection characteristics. In the AM IF section, a hard working ceramic filter provides equally efficient selectivity. Together with an RF stage in the AM front end, the sum of RX-802 AM features is performance that perks up all ears, no matter how tired.

 

A tower of power

A stable, split-power supply high-lights the amplifier section, which includes to 6,800 midblock capacitors and an oversized power transformer. That's a lot of satisfaction. It's also a lot of power which the RX-802 maintains constantly. This section also has directly-coupled OCL complementary circuitry to keep the power up and the distortion down, from one end of the audio spectrum to the other - 50 watts per channel, min. RMS, both channels driven simultaneously into 8 ohms from 20 to 20,000 Hz with no more than 0,5% Total Harmonic Distortion. And "steady she goes" doesn't only apply to ships. Now it describes the dampening factor and output characteristics which achieve superb transient response throughout the very low frequency range.

 

NF and IC equalizer amplifier

Genuinely outstanding RIAA characteristics are achieved through low-distortion, directly coupled NF (negative Feedback) circuitry combined with high voltage IC. Reproduction is more transparent than ever before. And added bonus is that tone control circuitry benefits from the same directly coupled NF circuitry.

 

PLL MPX section

Phase Lock Loop integrated circuitry and other new circuitry innovations in the MPX section result in improved stereo separation and frequency response. Distortion goes way down and stays there.

 


Specifications

Amplifier Section

Continuous Power Output (min. RMS)

50 watts per channel, both Channel Driven into 8  from 20 to 20,000 Hz with no more than 0,5% t.h.d

60 watts per channel, both Channel Driven into 8 at 1 kHz with no more than 0,5% t.h.d

Harmonic Distortion:  less than 0,05% (8 , 1 kHz, 90% rated power)

Intermodulation Distortion :  less than 0,15% (8 , 90% rated power)

Power Bandwidth (IHF):  5 to 50,000 Hz (8 )

Frequency Response:  10 to 100,000 Hz ±3 dB, 1W/1W

Damping Factor:  40 (8 , 1 kHz)

Input Sensitivity/Impedance:

Main IN :  100 mV/ 34 k

Tape Monitor :  140 mV / 26 k

Aux 1, 2 :  140 mV / 26 k

Phono 1, 2 :  2,4 mV / 40 k

Tape Output Level:  280 mV/ 1,7 k

Phono Overaload:  150 mV (1 kHz)

Phono Equalization:  RIAA standard ±0,5 dB

Controls

Bass :  ±10 dB at 100 Hz

Treble :  ±10 dB at 10 kHz

Loudness Contour:  ±6 dB/100 Hz +4 dB/10 kHz

Crosstalk:  50 dB / 10 kHz

Hum and Noise (Continuous Power Output)

Phono :  65 dB

Tape :  80 dB, Residual 0,5 mV

Speaker Impedance:  4 to 16 ohms

FM Tuner Section

Frequency Range:  88 to 108 MHz

Sensitivity (IHF):  1,5 microvolts

Signal-to-Noise Ratio :  70 dB

Harmonic Distortion: 

Mono :  0,2%

Stereo :  0,4%

Selectivity:  80 dB ±400 kHz

Capture Ratio:  1,0 dB

Stereo Separation:  40 dB at 100 Hz, 40 dB at 1 kHz, 35 dB at 10 kHz

IF Rejection:  100 dB

Image Rejection:  100 dB

Spurious Response Rejection:  100 dB

SCA Suppression:  70 dB

AM Suppression:  55 dB

AM Tuner Section

Frequency Range:  520 to 1650 kHz

Sensitivity:  15 microvolts

Selectivity:  50 dB ±10 kHz

IF Rejection:  80 dB

Image Rejection:  80 dB

Signal-to-Noise Ratio:  55 dB

General

Power Requirements:  AC 100, 120, 220, 240 V, 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption:  450 W max

Dimensions (W x D x H):  24" x 15" x 5-3/8"

Weight:  13,5 kg (35,2 lbs)