What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Yamaha CA-2010



 Special Features of the CA-2010
DC Power Amplification with Switched Class A and Class B Operation
The power amplifier section makes true DC performance (to zero Hz) available, featuring ultra low distortion first stage Yamaha dual-FET differential amplification, parallel push-pull circuitry and SEPP output, with choice of Class A abd Class B operation at equivalent volume levels.
Superb Phono Equalizer Amplifier
The equalizer uses specially matched Yamaha low noise FETs in a differential amplifier first stage and features complementary SEPP output stage configuration to give an S/N of 96 dB and phono dynamic range up to 310 mV and RIAA deviation within ±0,2 dB
Ultra Low Noise MC Head-Amp IC
This offers S/N comparable with that obtained by conventional equalizer amplifiers for high output MM cartridges. Switching between MC and MM cartridge is on the front panel.


 Low Noise, Low Distortion Tone Control Amp
First stage differential FET amplifier and complementary SEPP output stage in the NF-type tone controls gives extremely low noise and distortion.
Wide Range Peak-Level Meters
In addition to their calibration in dB, these meters offer independent readings of output power in Watts (for 8 Ω speakers) and of the Rec Out output
Extremely Stable Power Supply Section
Two, 22,000 μF electrolytic capacitors and massive mains transformer give stable power supplies.
A Host of Other Important Features
These include relay-operated speaker protection, improved S/N due to four-gang volume control, a full range of accessory circuits, and the functional beauty of Yamaha design.



Filters
The filters circuits of the CA-2010 offer a choice of Subsonic and High filters. Both provide very steep attenuation curves with a slope of 12 dB/octave. This sharp slope is achieved with extremely low distortion so that there is minimum degradation of tonal quality in the important mid-range frequencies.
The Subsonic Filter operating below 15 Hz prevents the amplification of ultra low frequency signals, arising from warped or eccentric records, from giving rise to cross-modulation distortion (general lack of clarity), and protects the speakers from overloads. Since the filter has virtually, no effect on audible frequencies above 25 Hz, it can be left ON permanently with no effect on normal audition.
The High Filter operates at frequencies above 10 kHz, and is used to cut out unwanted tape hiss and record scratch. It should not be used unnecessarily.




Specifications
Minimum Power Output. Continuous RMS Power (both channels driven at rated 0,03% THD)
20 to 20,000 Hz : 120 W per channel into 8 Ω (Class B); 30 W per channel into 8Ω (Class A)
At 1 kHz : 125 W per channel into 8 Ω (Class B)
Signal-to-noise Ratio (IHF A network)
Phono 1 (MM), Phono 2 : 96 dB (for 10 mV, shorted)
Phono 1 (MC) : 85 dB (for 50 Ω, shorted)
Tuner, Aux : 100 dB
Main : 118 dB
Residual Noise : Less than 70 μV
Total Harmonic Distortion (20 Hz to 20 kHz)
Phono 1 (MM), 2 to Rec Out : Less than 0,003% , 5 V output
Phono 1 (MC) to Rec Out : Less than 0,03% , 3 V output
Tunerm Aux to Pre Out : Less than 0,005% , 3 V output
Main in to Sp Out
Class A : Less than 0,005% into 8Ω , 15 W
Class B : Less than 0,01% into 8Ω , 60 W
Tuner to Sp Out (Class B) : Less than 0,01% into 8 Ω , 60 W
Input Sensitivity/Impedance
Phono 1 (MM): 2mV/47, 68 ,100 kΩ
Phono 1 (MC) : 50 μV/47 kΩ
Phono 2 : 2 mV/47 kΩ
Tuner, Aux : 120 mV/50 kΩ
Main in Terminals : 1 V/50 kΩ
Output Level/Impedance
Rec Out terminals : 120 mV/600 Ω (rated); 18,6 V (max. at 1 kHz, 0,2% distortion)
Pre Out terminals : 1 V/500 Ω (rated); 7 V (max. at 1 kHz, 0,02% distortion)
Frequency Response
Phono 1, 2 RIAA deviation : ± 0,2 dB (MM/MC)
Tuner to Pre Out terminals : 5 Hz to 100 kHz, +0, -1 dB
Tuner to SP Out terminals : 5 Hz to 50 kHz, +0, -1 dB (8 Ω load)
IM Distortion : 0,03%, 250 mW to 120 W (Aux to Sp Out )
Noise-Distortion Clearance Range (0,1% THD)
Phono to Sp Out : 0,1W to 120 W (Vol at -20); 4 mW to 120 W (Vol at -40)
Damping factor at 1 kHz : Better than 45 into 8 Ω
Max Input Levels
Phono 1 (MM) , 2 : 310 mV (at 1 kHz, 0,02% distortion)
Phono 1 (MC) : 7,5 mV (at 1 kHz, 0,02% distortion)
Tuner, Aux : 20 V (at 1 kHz, 0,02% distortion)
Power Bandwidth into 8 Ω, 0,03% distortion
Class A operation : 10 Hz to 70 kHz (15 W output)
Class B operation : 10 Hz to 50 kHz (60 W output)
Filters
Subsonic : fc = 15 Hz, -12 dB/octave
High : fc =10 kHz, -12 dB/octave
Tone control characteristics
Bass Turnover frequencies : 125 Hz and 500 Hz
Bass Boost/Cut : ±10 dB at 20 Hz (for 500 Hz)
Treble Turnover frequencies : 2,5 kHz and 8 kHz
Treble Boost/Cut : ±10 dB at 20 kHz (for 2,5 kHz)
Meters
Rise Time : 100 μsec
Decay Time : 0,95 sec
Meter Range : -50 dB to +5 dB (1 mW to 316 W into 8 Ω)
Power Supplies: AC 120 V, 50 Hz (USA); AC 110 -130, 220 - 240 V 50/60 Hz (other)
Power Consumption (nominal): 450 W 550 VA (USA); 900 W (other)
Dimensions (W x H x D): 461 x 170 x 360 mm (18-1/8” x 6-11/16” x 14-2/5”)
Weight: 20 kg (44 lbs)




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