What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Castle Eden loudspeakers

The innovative Eden is the largest Castle speaker for stand or shelf mounting. It takes the unique woven carbon fibre diaphragm technology, developed for the floor standing Castle Avon, and uses it to staggering effect in a compact enclosure.

Heart of the Eden's acoustic system is the latest in bass drive unit construction. Castle's new die-cast chassis 170 mm mid/bass drive unit uses a cone made from long woven, resin-set and baked carbon fibres. This material offers unprecedented rigidity coupled with low weight. The speed and accuracy of this large drive unit are phenomenal. Yet its extended midrange clarity permits a simple 2nd order crossover network at 3,3 kHz that is both transparent and easy for an amplifier to drive.

Treble is handled by the outstanding Castle 25 mm polyamide dome tweeter. The marriage of these two advanced drive units creates a sound quality that offers exceptional transparency, detail and astonishing dynamics. Stereo imagery too is solid and stable.

 


Specifications

Frequency Response:  45 Hz - 20,000 Hz

Nominal Impedance:  8

Sensitivity:  87 dB (1 W/1m)

Amplifiers Requirements:  25 - 120 watts

System Type:  Reflex

Bass Unit:  170 mm in a cast chassis with a woven carbon fibre cone

Treble Unit :  1,2 mm composite soft dome

Dimensions (H x W x D):  495 x 235 x 295 mm

Weight:  15,5 kg (packed)


 

Philips Spectron SP-39 loudspeakers

Rugged deep response woofer

To meet the specifications for the Sp-39, Philips engineers were obliged to design a woofer which could meet four rigid acoustic requirements; deep bass response, high efficiency, impeccable fidelity, and rugged durability. The newly designed 8" cone woofer offers all these features.

In any system, a woofer must provide rich, satisfying bass. The Sp-39's woofer exceeds even he goals of fine speakers, however, reaching down to 30 Hz for full bottom. With a fundamental resonance frequency of 20 Hz, however, the driver also avoids the hollow, boxy tones so sften found in speakers of this size.

Construction of the cone is from fibre-filled pulp selected for its combination of strength and exceptional resistance to distortion. The driver itself is seated in a new high-compliance suspension.

At the heart of the woofer is Philips Feroxdure ferrite magnet and an all-aluminum voice coil. Feroxdure eliminates the need for massive unwieldy magnets which were formerly needed to create deep bass response. One light-weight Feroxdure magnet provides more strength than orthodox magnets of considerably greater size. At the same time, the aluminum wire-would voice coil, which minimizes mass, offers significantly less resistance to movement than the standard voice coil. And the all-aluminum bobbin radiates heat efficiently, one reason why this driver is so resistant to over-load; even at 40 watts (RMS) of power input, this woofer will stand up to stress.

 

Wide-dispersion midrange

The same design features which characterize the SP-39's woofer have been incorporated in the new 2" dome mid-range driver.

The same patented Feroxdure ferrite magnet and the all-aluminum voice coil ensures high efficiency and faithful reproduction along with surprisingly light weight. The power of this new driver is comparable to that of orthodox drivers much larger and heavier.

Normal speaker systems force the mid-range driver and woofer to share the same baffle. This design allows interaction between the woofer and mid-range driver which can result in severs distortion. The new Philips mid-range driver is acoustically isolated in its own anclosure. The mid-range driver is capable of operating a full efficiency even outside the speaker cabinet. Because of the directional nature of mid-range frequencies, the driver has been designed for wide dispersion. The total angle of dispersion is a full 120°

 

Special acoustically isolated tweeter

A 4" dome design, the driver features a 1" copper wire-wound voice coil and the patented Philips Ferodux magnet. The Feroxdure ferrite magnet packs considerably more power into the same size than orthodox magnets can offer; greater strength means faster response and cleaner sound.

Like the mid-range driver, the tweeter is sealed in its own enclosure, isolating the driver from the woofer which could cause distortion. The tweeter is capable of operating at full efficiency even outside the speaker cabinet.

 


Specifications

Speakers

Woofer :  8" cone-type

Mid-range :  2" wide-dispersion dome-type

Tweeter :  1" dome-type

Power Handling Capacity:  40 watts (RMS); 80 watts (peak power)

Impedance:  8

Efficiency:  96 dB at 4 watts  (1 metre , T.H.D. 1,0%)

Frequency Response :  35 - 20,000 Hz

Crossover Requirements:  500 and 450  Hz

Crossover Network:  3-way 12 dB/octave parallel type

Fuse Type:  fast blow protection

Dimensions (H x W x D):  22" x 13" x 10,5"

Weight:  45 lbs


 

Philips Spectron SP-30 loudspeakers

Philips, the company synonymous world-wide with precision audio, proudly presents the Spectron Sp-30 , two-way acoustic suspension speaker system, designed in North America to meet North American testes but engineered to Philips Internationally famous standard of excellence.

Assembled exclusively from Philips engineered components, the SP-30 takes over where the other two-way systems leave off. With the Spectron line, you know that every element has been designed to be compatible with every other element. The clarity of SP-30 takes on all comers.

Features:

Rugged wide-range woofer - Philips patented Feroxdure ferrite magnet and an all-aluminum voice coil

Special acoustically isolated tweeter - 1" dome design, the drive a full 1" copper wire-wound voice coil and Feroxdure magnet

Exceptional new crossover network - Orthodox crossover networks employ a ferrite magnetic core

High frequency control switch

Furniture quality construction - like solid 3/4 chipboard core that ends unwanted resonances.

 


Specifications

Speakers

Woofer :  8" cone-type

Tweeter :  1" dome-type

Power Handling Capacity:  40 watts (RMS); 80 watts (peak power)

Impedance:  8

Efficiency:  96 dB at 4 watts  (1 metre , T.H.D. 1,0%)

Frequency Response :  40 - 20,000 Hz

Crossover Frequency:  1800 Hz

Crossover network:  2-way 12 dB/octave parallel type

Fuse Type:  fast blow protection

Dimensions (H x W x D):  20" x 11,5" x 9"

Weight:  35 lbs


 

SAE Mark XIV loudspeaker

The SAE Mark XIV Solid -State Electrostatic Transducer represents a dramatic advancement in the loudspeaker industry. Years of extensive research and design were required to perfect the ideal enclosure which would optimize the performance of all internal components. Only after this was achieved was the task of developing the correct drivers begun. Faithful sound reproduction was the goal while developing the Mark XIV. Each and every component part was developed expressly for the Mark XIV and is assembled within the SAE plant.

The result of this intensive program is the purest re-creation of the recorded audio signal by any device anywhere.

Low Frequency Transducer

Nominal diameter - 12,3 inches

Voice coil diameter - 4,175 inches

Voice coil material - edge wound copper ribbon

Magnetic assembly - Black anodized aluminum voice coil support to assist in transmission and dissipation of heat during high power operation

Integral heat sink in the magnet structure to assist elimination of temperature build up; double spider system for precise alignment of the voice coil form to eliminate breakage

11,25 pound cast ductile iron-magnetic structure for efficient conductance of magnet flux.

Frame - rigid 8-spoke aluminum

Compliance - non-fatiguing foam to insure linear travel

Free air electrical resonance of 18 Hz ±1 Hz

In system electrical resonance of 32 Hz ±1 Hz.

Chamber type - 3 cubic foot with acoustically suspended low-frequency driver

 


Specifications

Mid Frequency Transducers

Nominal diameter - 5.0 inches

Voice coil diameter - 1,0 inches

Magnetic assembly - 1,75 pounds

High compliance is ensured with a half-roll linear surround, drivers are acoustically suspended within their own chambers

Electrostatic Elements: Constant-charge, bipolar-radiating elements

Crossover:  All air-core copper inductors with special design audio transformers

Crossover Frequencies

Low Frequency Driver :  Adjustable to 120 Hz, 240 Hz, 4890 Hz at 12 dB/octave

Mid Frequency Drivers :  240 at 6 dB/ocave, continuously variable calibrated adjustment from 16 dB through +4 dB

Electrostatic Elements :  1440 Hz at 12 dB/octave, efficiency level adjustable from -4 dB through +10 dB, continuously variable calibrated adjustments

Solid-State Electronic Protection

The circuit is triggered by excessive voltage in relation to a particular frequency. Triggering may be caused by ±DC voltage, super-sonic or subsonic oscillations or any other amplifier malfunction; see graph. Operational mode is indicated by an amber light behind the grill cloth. A red light indicates the non-operational mode. This device also indicates the non-operational mode if it senses a malfunction within itself. Initial activation time - 5 seconds nominal; deactivation time 0,1 second nominal; reactivation time 5 seconds nominal.

Minimum Power Requirement :  100 Watts RMS per channel (recommended)

Maximum Power Input :  No limit, Electronic Protection will deactivate System with excessive wattage input

System Impedance :  8  nominal

Finish :  Oiled walnut or rosewood

Fabric :  Ebony

Dimensions (H x W x D):  1086  x 457 x 152 mm (42-3/4" x 24" x 6"

Shipping Weight:  113,6 kg (250 pounds) /pair


 

SAE Mark X loudspeaker

SAE's dedication to excellence in quality construction and innovative designs pervades all factes of the manufacturing process. Every unit is handcrafted in SAE's new environmentally controlled plant. All circuit boards, amplifier power transformers, and metal work are manufactured at the SAE facility. Features common to all SAE units include; 5% deposited-carbon resistors; military-grade glass-epoxy circuit boards; computer grade capacitors; high-grain iron-ore laminations in all power transformers, and durable, precisely machined chassis fabricated on the premises.

 

Dynamic Transducer

The Mark X is a three-way system utilizing four drivers. The major characteristics of this transducer are exceptionally wide frequency response and excellent dispersion. Low frequencies are generated by a 12" driver with a specially treated cone utilizing a half-roll foam surround. Extended cone excursion enables the Mark X to reproduce signals as low as 18 Hz - an astonishing accomplishment from a small enclosore.

Mid-frequencies are reproduced by a 5" driver in its own air-tight enclosure.

High frequencies are propagated from two 2-1/2" tweeters. One of the tweeters radiates from the rear producing desirable reflected sound. High and mid-frequency controls can be adjusted to render the system completely flexible to compensate for room acoustics.

The Mark X system is completely fuse-protected.

 


Specifications

Power Requirements:  minimum 20 Watts RMS

Power Handling:  Greater than 200 Watts RMS musical peaks. Completely fuse-protected against excessive current input.

Nominal Impedance:  8

Rear Radiation:  50% above 1440 Hz

Crossover Frequencies

High Frequency Driver :  1440 Hz at 6 dB/octave

Mid Frequency Drivers :  240 Hz at 6 dB/octave

Low Frequency Drivers :  480 Hz at 6 dB/octave

Controls

High Frequency Level :  Continuously adjustable from -7 dB at +5 dB

Mid Frequency Level :  Continuously adjustable from -16 dB to +4 dB

Dimensions (H x W x D):  635 x 368 x 305 mm (25" x 14-1/2" x 12")

Weight:  22,23 kg (49 pounds) each

Finish:  Hand rubbed oiled walnut

Base:  Model B-10 (optional)


 

Sansui TU-919 tuner

Sansui Patented Digitally Quartz-Locked FM/AM Stereo Tuner with Impeccable Drift-Free Tuning Accuracy.

FM Fronted Sensitivity; Enhanced by low-noise Dual-Gate MOS FET and 5-gang Tuning capacitor

The extraordinary tonal quality of the Sansui TU-919 begins here. Crossmodulation and interference are avoided in the FM fronted using a low-noise Dual-Gate MOS FET RF amp and a wide-gap, frequency-linear 5-Gang variable capacitor of high precision. The 50 dB Quieting Sensitivity is an excellent 13,5 dBf (mono) and 35,5 dBf (stereo)

 

FM IF Selectivity; Very low group delay means much-improved sound.

Tonal quality is further enhanced by flattening transient group delay and phase distortion to achieve higher selectivity with lower distortion in the FM IF section. The real test of our IF circuitry comes when inputs from your antenna vary unpredictably in level.

Actual field tests show the effectiveness of the ten differential IF stages, contained in one Darlington-connected differential IC, and the linear-phase ceramic filters found here. Changes in signal level have hardly any effect on selectivity.

 

Patented Variable Group-Delay Equalizer; Distortion is further reduced

This is a unique device that permits the independent adjustment of the equivalent amount of Frequency Response of the IF signal within the bandwidth. This, in turn, helps eliminate any deviation, however minute, in group-deley response within the bandwidth. Higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio and lower distortion are also achieved.

 

FM Stereo Sound; Wider separation and purer fidelity from PLL

Stereo FM broadcasts are multiplexed with a "pilot" signal to trigger receiving tuners into the stereo mode and enable them to "decpde" the composite signal into left and right channels.  Once its job is done, that "pilot" (a 19 kHz signal) must be entirely removed from the audio signal. The conventional filter used for this can cause more problems than it prevents.

Such 19 kHz filters are usually positioned at the output of the stereo demodulator. Together with the "pilot" they also often filter out the upper end of the frequency response and cause phase distortion as well. Sansui avoids such filters in the TU-010 for a more musical sound.

Our stereo dempdulator is a PLL type with a special "pilot" cancelling circuit (not a filter) included in its IC. It eliminates the 19 kHz signal before it enters the switching or demodulation stage. Output of the demodulator amp is pure audio.

 


Wide-Range DC Configuration; More guarantees of cleaner sound.

As in the highly advanced Sansui AU amplifiers and our best Pure Power receivers, the DC amplifier configuration in the TU-919 offers cleaner audio reproduction in both AM and FM. Main advantages are; Wider dynamic range; Lower TIM distortion; and Superb frequency response all are vital to hi-fi. These parameters are made still more dependable by our reduction of the internal power-supply impedance across the widest possible frequency range. Reproduction is always well balanced.

 

Power Supply: Attention given to better sound localization

An error-correction/amplification constant-voltage circuit of an entirely new type is found in the power supply of the TU-919. it provides unfailing power regulation for constantly high performance quality. With impedance low throughout, musical textures remain crystal clear and sound-image localization in the reproduced sound field is the sharpest possible.

 

High-Power Drive Ratio Detectr; S/N and linearity are improved

A newly-developed, wide-range, high-power drive ratio detector, driven by a triple-base Darlington-connected IC, is used in the FM discriminator. It contributes to improved linearity and Signal-to-Noise Ratio. For more stability and still less noise we've housed the discriminator in a shielded casing, separate from the IF circuit.

 

Selectable IF Band for AM; Wide/Narrow improves reception

By broadening the signal-passing bandwidth in the AM tuner section, frequency range is dramatically improved. For this reason, you'll want to use the Wide position on the IF bandwidth selector. When the station to which you have tuned is strong enough, the results in improved high frequency response are impressive. On the other hand, weak or distant AM stations are received more clearly when you use the Narrow position; the interference caused by stronger station broadcasting on adjacent frequencies is dramatically lowered.

 

Sansui Exclusive FM Digitally Quartz-Locked System; Contained in a single LSI

We've combined a quartz crystal, providing a rock-steady reference base, with an error-free digital control in the TU919. this Sansui-exclusive system detects any tuning error caused by temperature, voltage and humidity changes and compensates for it instantly. Drift is now a thing of the past. Most other quartz tuners use analog phase reference controls that compare phase of two frequencies between the local oscillators and quartz crystals. In order to check and correct errors (drift). But our TU-919 doesn't instead it has a digital control system.

With it the frequency counter samples the local oscillator's frequency constantly, once every 0,01 seconds, timed by the accurate quartz. When there's an error, it's converted to digital units, which are then converted to voltage to control the local oscillator. When there's no error, the tuned frequency is locked to the station's frequency.

Sansui's digital processing doesn't use the kind of reference signal containing infinite harmonics; therefore, we've eliminated drift without compromising spurious response ratio, Signal-to-Noise Ratio sensitivity or other important specifications.

There more features make the Sansui system still easier to use. One, you need not remove your hand from the knob to make sure the station is surely quartz-locked. Two, locking range is wide, even rough tuning locks in the desired station and keeps it locked for hours. Three, should you turn off the tuner a built-in Re-Lock system memorizes your station for instant recall when you switch it on again.

Sansui has received patents on our Quartz/Digital-Lock System. And to ensure long-term reliability of its operation we've packaged it all in a single LSI with circuits equivalent to thousands of discrete transistors, resistors and diodes.

 


Specifications

FM Section

Tuning Range:  88 to 108 MHz

50 dB Quieting Sensitivity

Mono :  12,5 dBf

Stereo :  34,0 dBf

Sensitivity

Mono :  9,0 dBf (IHF), 0,95 µV (DIN)

Stereo :  15 dBf

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Mono :  83 dB at 80 dBf (82 dB at 65 dBf)

Stereo :  80 dB at 80 dBf (76 dB at 65 dBf)

Frequency Response

Mono :  30 to 15,000 Hz +0,2 dB -0,5 dB

Stereo :  30 to 15,000 Hz +0,2 dB -0,5 dB

Total Harmonic Distortion

Mono :  less than 0,06% at 100 Hz (0,04% at 1,000 Hz)

Stereo : less than 0,09% at 100 Hz (0,06% at 1,000 Hz)

Captire Ratio:  0,9 dB

Adjacent Channel Selectivity

Wide :  5 dB at 200 kHz

Narrow :  18 dB at 200 kHz

Alternate Channel Selectivity

Wide :  50 dB at 400 kHz

Narrow ;  80 dB at 400 kHz

Spurious Response Ratio:  110 dB at 98 MHz

Image Response Ratio:  110 dB at 98 MHz

RF Intermodulation:  75 dB at 08 MHz

AM Suppression Ratio:  60 dB at 98 MHz

Stereo Separation

40 dB at 100 Hz

50 dB at 1,000 Hz

35 dB at 10,000 Hz

30 dB from 30 to 15,000 Hz

Antenna Input Impedance

Balanced :  300  

Unbalanced ;  75

Output Voltage/Impedance

Variable :  1 V/2,5 k

Dolby FM :  200 mV/9 k

AM Section

Tuning Range:  530 to 1600 kHz

Sensitivity: 47 dB/m at 1,000 kHz (220 µV/m)

Selectivity:  35 dB at 1,000 kHz

Signal-to-Noise Ratio :  50 dB

T.H.D.  Less than 0,35% at 30% Mod. 80 dB/m

Image Response Ratio:  70 dB at 1,000 kHz

IF Response Ratio:  70 dB at 1,000 kHz

General

AC Outlets:  Unswitched, total 100 watts

Power Requirements:  100, 120, 220, 240  V 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption:  22 watts

Semiconductors:  73 Transistors; 57 Diodes; 6 FETs; 16 ICs

Dimensions (W x H x D):  430 x 168 x 402 mm (16-15/16" x 6-5/8" x 16-1/2")

Weight: 9,6 kg (21,2 lbs)